Varicocele is a condition in which the veins in the scrotum become enlarged and swollen, like varicose veins in the legs. Varicocele occurs when the valves in the veins do not function correctly, causing the blood to flow backward and pool in the veins, resulting in swelling.
Treatment for male infertility is determined on the underlying cause. It may include medicine to treat hormonal imbalances, surgery to correct a blockage in the reproductive canal, or assisted reproductive technologies such as intrauterine insemination (IUI) or in vitro fertilization (IVF). Quitting smoking, lowering alcohol use, and avoiding pollutants may also assist boost male fertility.